RESOURCES FOR YOUR STUDY ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(In Class Textbook Resources:   Brady-General Chemistry, Zumdahl-Introductory Chemistry and Addison Wesley-Chemistry)



Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Chemistry Websites:

·         American Nuclear Society  

·         Chemistry Biology Info Center at ETHZ

·         Karen Timberlake's Chemodules ~ Instructional Tutorial on Nuclear Chemistry 

·         Nuclear Chemistry Online Tutorial - Phillip W. Crawford, Southeast Missouri State University

·         Nuclear Chemistry in Our World - Online ChemCom Resources from the American Chemical Society

·         Nuclear Chemistry in the Community - NSF-supported curriculum development project at Kennesaw University called Chemcases.com developed by Dr. Frank Settle

·         Nuclear Energy Institute

·         Nuclear Reactions (ChemWeb) Einstein's equation, nuclear binding energy, radioactivity (radioactive particles and half-life), nuclear stability, transmutation, nuclear reactors and fission.

·         ScienceNet                                              ·    Steve Marsden’s Chemistry Resources for Students and Teachers

·     The ABC's of Nuclear Science            ·    University of Michigan            ·    Uranium Information Centre – Australia

Radioactivity and General Nuclear Chemistry Resources

·         About Nuclear - A public information website developed by the American Nuclear Society

·         Ask a Scientist - Physics: Ask Dr. Neutrino     Ask a Chemist

·         Addison Wesley Chemistry  Resources Online

·         Atoms (Science Net)  Short, easy to understand description of nucleus, proton, neutrons, and electrons.

·         Chain Reactions (Science Net)   Site with multiple short links on many nuclear topics.

·         Chart of Nuclides   

·         High Energy Particle Glossary

·         Nuclear Chemistry (Internet Science Room)   Click on the links to learn about nuclear weapons that have been used in war and the nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and Three-Mile Island.

·         Nuclear Science Wall Chart                                

·         Radiation and Reactivity (University of Michigan)   This is a self paced lesson on the basics of radiation and radioactivity.  It was developed by the University of Michigan's Student Chapter of the Health Physics Society. 

·         Radioactive materials (Science Net)   Short, easy to understand overview of radioactive particles (alpha and beta) and gamma rays. Click on helium atom link for an good explanation of alpha decay.

·         Radioactivity (Berkeley National Laboratory)   Explains radiation and the three different types: alpha, beta, and gamma. Scroll up for good reviews on the structure of an atom and isotopes.

·         Radioactivity (K. Drews)   A very simple, easy to understand explanation of radioactivity.  

·        Radioactivity and Nuclear Processes - (University of Akron) Online tutorial of basic concepts.

·         Stanford Linear Accelator (McDunn)

·         The Particle Adventure

·         The Ten Types of Nuclear Energy**Community Science Action Guides - The Secret Lives of Energy ~ The Energy Story - Lots of animations and explanations with links to videos and more resources

Radioactive Isotopes Resources

·         Neutron-to-Proton Ratio (K. Drews)

·         What is Uranium? (Uranium Information Centre, Melbourne, Australia)  Colorful graphics and many facts about uranium including: the uranium atom, uranium fission, uranium ore to reactor fuel, the world's nuclear power reactors, uranium mines and how uranium and other radioactive isotopes are used in nuclear reactors, medicine, agriculture, the preservation of food, weapons, and in both industry and the household.

Half-Life Resources

·         Half-life (Berkeley National Laboratory)

·         Half-Life (Internet Science Room)   In addition to half-lifes also learn how to predict how radioactive an isotope is by looking at your periodic table.

·         Half-life (Science Net)  Short, easy to understand explanation of half-life.

·         Short Primer on Radioactive Decay

·         Virtual Dating (Geology Labs OnLine)
Click on Virtual Dating Radiocarbon (Carbon-1d) to go through an interactive series of questions on transmutation, half-life using the C-14 decay curve, and test the accuracy of the C-14 dating method by comparing C-14 results with tree ring results. For a quick overview of the activity click on Virtual Dating Demo.

·         Use a simple Carbon-14 dating calculator to convert the percent of C-14 in a sample to years of age and vise versa.

Fusion/Fission Resources

·         Fission vs. Fusion (Fordham Prep)

·         Fission and Fusion - University of Texas as Austin - Excellent Website developed for instruction with real life applications animated gifs and even a short video explanation of fusion

·         Fusion Basics (Princeton Plasma Physics Lab)  Everything you wanted to know about nuclear fusion explained with colorful diagrams.

·         Fusion Slide Show: Creating A Star on Earth (General Atomics)  Learn about fusion and current research into how to use fusion to generate power while watching this slide show.

·         Atom Splitting (Science Net)  Short, easy to understand explanation of fission.

·         Reactions: Fusion and Fision (Berkely National Laboratory) Includes an interesting explanation of how stars begin as a fusion reaction and can become either the element iron or a supernova.

·        What is Fusion? (General Atomic Fusion Group )

Transmutation Resources

·         Alpha and Beta Emission (K. Drews)

·         Gamma Emission and Mass Defect (K. Drews)

·         Nuclear equations simplified (Fordham Prep)

·         Transmutation (Internet Science Room) - Get practice balancing nuclear equations.

·         Writing Alpha and Beta Decay Equations (John Park) - Easy to understand with lots of diagrams. Includes practice equations and answers.

Real World Connections Resources

·         Are Gamma Rays Useful?

·         Carbon 14 Dating (Science Net)  (Radiocarbon WEB info)

·         Chernobyl (World Nuclear Association) - Learn about the accident in 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

·         Chornobyl and the Surrounding Area – University of Michigan

·         Cosmic RaysWhat Are Cosmic Rays? - (Leeds University, UK)

·         Estimate Your Annual Radiation Dose (University of Michigan Student Chapter of the Health Physics Society)
Answer a series of simple questions to find out how much radiation you are exposed to in a year.

·         Fusion Slide Show: Creating A Star on Earth (General Atomics) - Learn about fusion and current research into how to use fusion to generate power while watching this slide show.

·         Geiger Counters (Science Net)

·         Ionization smoke detectors  - How stuff works website

·         Nuclear Reactors (ChemWeb) - Easy to understand: parts of fission reactor (fuel rods, control rods, moderators, shielding/containment, coolant); nuclear fission and fusion; enrichment and breeder reactors. 

·         Nuclear power plant demonstration  A neat site that let's you try to run a plant and stop a melt down. Don't spend all of your time at this site.

·         Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications Article
Chemical and Engineering News, September 14, 1998, Page 10, Lead in Peat Bog tells Historic Tales , written by Maureen Rouhi.
 

·        Nuclear Power - Solcomhouse Types of  Nuclear Reactors and locations

·         Radiation Dose Chart (American Nuclear Society) (pdf file)  

·      Radioactivity in nuclear medicine This site gives lots of information especially on medical uses.

·      Storage of Nuclear Waste Issues

·      The First 50 Years of Radiation Protection (University of Michigan)  

Radiation and Life

·         Radiation Around Us – University of Michigan

·         Radiation in Nature:   the Okla Reactor – [American Nuclear Society] [Curtin University]

·         Somebody said that everything is radioactive. Surely it can't be? (Science Net) - Explains that weak radiation is all around us, carbon-14, and chart with radiation from coffee, bread, granite and other everyday items.

·         What you Need to Know About Radiation: to protect yourself, to protect your family, to make reasonable social and political choices by Lauriston S. Taylor Online Textbook © 1990, 1996

·         Basis Terms to accompany the Online Text Above

Historical Information

·         A Brief Chronology of Radiation and Protection by J. Ellsworth Weaver III 1994,1995  

·       A Review of Chadwick's paper on discovery of neutron places student in the room with Nobel work.

·      Discovery of a b and g Particles Purdue University

·         Henri Becquerel: two brief reports about radioactivity read to the French Academy of Sciences one week apart in 1896. In between the two reports, Becquerel realized that he was not dealing with ordinary phosphorescence! (Link to a biographical sketch of Becquerel and view a picture of a photographic plate from which he made his discovery.

·         Rutherford's Apparatus

·         Selected Classic Papers on the History of Chemistry (scroll down for Nuclear Chemistry) 

Online Study Cards for Nuclear Chemistry:
Print these online Study Cards for good basic information regarding Nuclear Chemistry:

·         Study Cards: GC26-Nuclear Chemistry (Paul Groves)  - Topics included are: The People, Terms, Types of Radiation, Half-Life, Nuclear Equations, Stabilizing Unstable Nuclei, Uses of Radioactivity, Fission and Fusion, Energy -Mass Conversion, What Happens During Beta and Positron Decay.